CIHM 
Microfiche 
Series 
(Monographs) 


ICMH 

Collection  de 
microfiches 
(monographies) 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  instltut  canadien  de  microraproductions  historiques 


1999 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes  /  Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best  original 
copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this  copy  which 
may  be  bibliographically  unique,  which  may  alter  any  of 
the  images  in  the  reproduction,  or  which  may 
significantly  change  the  usual  method  of  filming  are 
checked  below. 


D 
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Coloured  covers  / 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged  / 
Couverture  endommag^e 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated  / 
Couverture  restaur^e  et/ou  pellicul^e 

Cover  title  missing  /  Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps  /  Cartes  geographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)  / 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrate      ■ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  ■       u:: 

Bound  with  other  material  / 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Only  edition  available  / 
Seule  edition  disponible 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion  along 
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interieure. 

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apparaissent  dans  le  texte,  mais,  lorsque  ceia  6tait 
possible,  ces  pages  n'ont  pas  et6  filmees. 

Additional  comments  / 
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L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire  qu'il  lui  a 
§td  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details  de  cet  exem- 
plaire qui  sont  peut-§tre  uniques  du  point  de  vue  bibli- 
ographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier  une  image  reproduite, 
ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une  modification  dans  la  m^tho- 
de  normale  de  filmage  sont  indiqu^s  ci-dessous. 

Coloured  pages  /  Pages  de  couleur 

I I   Pages  damaged  /  Pages  endommagdes 


D 


Pages  restored  and/or  laminated  / 
Pages  restaur^es  et/ou  pellicul^es 


□   Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed  / 
Pages  d^colordes,  tachet^es  ou  piqu^es 

I   Pages  detached  /  Pages  d^tach^es 

I  v/|   Showthrough  /  Transparence 

I      I   Quality  of  print  varies  / 


n 


n 


Quality  in^gale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  material  / 
Comprend  du  materiel  suppl^mentaire 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata  slips, 
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possible  image  /  Les  pages  totalement  ou 
partiellement  obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une 
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obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 

Opposing  pages  with  varying  colouration  or 
discolourations  are  filmed  twice  to  ensure  the  best 
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filmees  deux  fois  afin  d'obtenir  la  meilleure  image 
possible. 


This  item  Is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below  / 

Ce  document  est  filme  au  taux  de  reduction  indique  ci-dessous. 


lOx 

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32x 


The  ccpy  filmed  here  hes  been  reproduced  thenks 
to  the  generosity  of: 


Stauffer  Library 
Queen's  University 


L'exempiaire  film*  fut  reproduit  qrice  A  la 
gtnArositA  de: 

Stauffer  Library 
Queen's  University 


Th4  imeges  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  end  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  peper  covers  ere  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  end  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrsted  impres- 
sion, or  the  beck  cover  when  appropriate  All 
other  originel  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustreted  impression. 


Las  images  suivantes  ont  At*  rsproduites  avec  la 
plus  grand  soin.  compts  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  le  nettet*  de  l'exempiaire  film*,  at  nn 
conformity  avec  las  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmege. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  an 
papier  est  imprimis  sont  filmAs  an  commencant 
per  le  premier  ptet  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
darniire  page  qui  comporte  une  ampreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration.  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmis  en  commenqant  par  la 
premiAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impreasion  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derniAre  pege  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  freme  on  eech  microfiche 
shell  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED ").  or  the  symbol  V  (meening  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Mapa,  pistes,  charts,  etc..  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  ere  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hend  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Un  des  symboles  suivents  apparaftra  sur  la 
derniire  imege  de  cheque  microfiche,  salon  le 
ces:  le  symbols  ^»-  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  itre 
film*s  A  des  taux  de  r*du   tion  diffirents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  p3ur  etre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich*.  il  est  film*  *  partir 
de  Tangle  sup*rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  *  droite. 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'imeges  nicessaire.  Les  disgrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m#:hode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

MICROCOPY    RESOLUTION    TEST   CHART 

lANSI  ond  ISO  TEST  CHART  No   2i 


1.0 


I.I 


14; 


iia 

13,2 


14^ 


2.5 

12.2 

2.0 
1.8 


1.25 


1.4 


1.6 


^     ./APPLIED  INA^GE     he 


Pc;chestef.    New    rotk  ^tr: 

(7)6)    482  -  OJOO  -  Phone 
(716)   288  -  ^989   -  (a. 


THE    PRESENT    STATUS    OF    INSTRUCTION 

IN  xMUNICIPAL  GOVERNMENT  IN  THE 

UNIVERSITIES   AND   COLLEGES 

OF  THE  UNITED  STATES 


BV 


WILLI.\JI  BENNETT  MUNRO 


[Reprinted  from  the  Proceedings  of  the  National  Munxipal  League,  1908.] 


J"S  J  3 :) 


-1  •  7 


Rr-imed  from  ,he  Proceeding,  of  .he  Na.iond  Municipal  League,  ,,08. 


The  Present  Status  of  Instruction  in  Munici- 
pal Government  in  the  Universities  and 
Colleges  of  the  United  States' 

By  WILLIAM  BENNETT  MUNRO.  Ph  D 
Assistant  Professor  of  Government  at  Harvard  University 
Chairman  of  the  Committee 

"It  is  manifest  that  the  instruction  of  the  people."  wrote 
Thomas  Hobbes  in  his  Leviathan,  "dependeth  wholly  0^ 
nght  teaching    of  the  youth  in  the  universities. "    The  Engl  sh 
philosopher  no  doubt  grossly  overestimated  the  influence  which 
the  xnst.tuttons  of  higher  education  are  capable  of  exertLg  upo" 
the  polmcal  Ideals  of  a  people;  for  the  universities  and  colleges 
of  the  land  constitute  but  one  of  the  channels.-and  perhaps 
Til  °"'  °'  *'l"^^"°^  channels-through  which  sound  poSfca 
doctrines  may  be  disseminated.     At  the  same  time  it  fsto  be 
reme„,bered  -.at  the  universities  and  colleges  of  the  United 
Stat  s  have  come  to  include  upon  their  roll!  of  attendance  a 
steadily  increasing  proportion  of  the  young  men  and  vol ^ 
women  of  the  land;  that  these  do  not  repre^nt  merely  thf 
average  run  of  American  youth,  but  an  element  wWch  Ts  far 
above  the  general  level  in  intelligence,  ambition,  and  i^  the 
promise  of  pohtical  capacity.     It  is  not  alone  a  select  elLent 

orS;  mad        'T^*'°"'  '"*  ^"^^^^^^  ^^^^  isalL  t  uni- 
^Z^     1     "P  °^  individuals  at  the  formative  period  of  Hi, 

Suate  mnd  ^'^^.^'^^  «^*^««^«Jy  P^^^tic  nature  of  the  under- 
graduate mind,  Its  entire  receptivity,  and  its  wholly  undiscrim- 
mating  acceptance  of  what  maybe  laid  before  it.     't  is  at"ws 

ciplSi^ltt'^^""'""  °"  '""^  Coordination  of  Instruction  in  Muni. 

(i) 


22388 


2  INSTRUCTION  IN  MUNICIPAL  GOVERNMENT 

stage  more  than  at  any  other  that  a  man's  general  attitude 
toward  pohtical.  social  and  economic  questions  is  apt  to  be 
definitely  frameti.  Impre>sions  made  at  this  stage  usually  sink 
deep,  and  can  be  eradicated  only  with  slowness  and  difficulty 
The  task  of  the  teacher  of  political  science  is  therefore  on-  of 
extreme  responsibili.'y  and  is  the  embodiment  of  an  unusual 
Ti,    T    I,  opportunity.     It  is  the  privilege  of  such  teachers 

itte  Task  of        to  afTord  annually  to  thousands  of  vouni;  men 
the  Teacher         drawn  from  the  best  homes  in  the  land,  their 
first  definite  impressions  concerning  the  nature 
of  the  Stat.'  and  the  workings  of  its  administrative  organs.     This 
IS  a  high  privilege  and  presents  an  opportunity  for  influence  such 
as  IS  given  to  but  few  professions.     But  the  privilege  is  not  more 
than  commensurate  with  the  responsibility  involved;  for  upon 
the  zeal  and  capabilities  of  the  instructor  will  depend  in  large 
measure  the  extent  to  which  the  student's  interest  in  the  affairs 
of  government  will  be  aroused,  the  attitude  which  he  will  assume 
toward  the  problems  of  government  when  he  goes  out  into  the 
world,  and  the  fund  of  useful  information  which  he  will  be  able 
to  turn  to  account  in  fulfilling  the  duties  of  active  citizenship. 
It  was  with  these  features  in  mind  that  the  National  Municipal 
League  established,  some  years  ago.  its  Committee  on  Instruc- 
tion, and  entrusted  to  this  body  the  task  of  securing  such  coopera- 
tion among  teachers  of  municipal  government  as  might  prove 
possible,  as  well  as  such  coordination  of  instruction  in  this  sub- 
ject as  the  varying  character  of  different  universities  and  colleges 
might  permit      It  was  hoped  that  by  mutual  interchange  of 
views  betw-en  instructors  engaged  in  this  work  the  efficiency  of 
the  instruction  might  be  increased,  and  that  the  successful  experi- 
ence of  each  teacher  might  be  made  to  serve  the  profit  of  all. 
This  task,  the  commit  ee  hopes,  has  been  in 
some  degree  accomplished.     It  has  not  been  the 
committee's  aim  to  advocate  any  definite  system 
or  method  of  instruction  in  municipal  govern- 
ment, much   less   to   carry   on   a   propaganda 
for  any  political  principles.     On  the  contrary 
it  has    onsistently  recognized  that  the  scope  of 
mstruction  must  relate  itself  to  the  resources  of  the  university 


The  League's 
Committee 
on  the 
Coordination 
of  Instruction 


WILLIAM  BENNETT  MUNRO 
which  undertakes  it;  that  the  methods  of  instruction  must  relate 
then.selves  to  the  taste,  and  capabilities  of  the  instructor  who 
imparts  ,t ;  an.l  that  when  instruction  ceases  to  be  a  scientific  and 
.mpartial  presentation  of  facts,  conditions  and  problems  ^^d 
becomes  the  vehicle  of  any  propaganda  it  forthwith  ^ose,  hs  chTef 
c.a.m  to  the  consideration  of  scholars.  The  chief  work  of  the 
committee  has  been,  therefore,  not  the  advocacy  of  any  prindSe 
or  pract.ce;  but  the  collection  of  such  data  as  migh^  's^e"  "Jo 

of  thoreT  *\*''^^^«".'»°'J  *he  placing  of  this  at  the  dis^osll 
ot  those  whom  it  might  interest 

veil  ?n'ir  k''T^  ^'^  '^''  «'"*'™^  P°"^y  »^'  '•  <i"ring  the  past 
year  an  e^borate  inquiry  was  conducted  with  a  v,ew  to  finding 
out  just  how  much  instruction  in  the  subject  of  munkipal 
government  is  actuaUy  undertaken  by  the  different  un^veS 
and  colleges  of  the  United  States,  whether  in  speciaTco^ri" 
devoted  whoUy  to  this  particular  field  or  as  part  of  the  geneS 
programs  of  instruction  in  political  science.  To  this  end  ci^cula 
questionaires  were  addressed  to  more  than  ,00  such  inst.Sns 

e  t«h    K       r'T  P^""  °*  *^*  ^"^°"  *«d  i««'"ding  education" 
estabhshments  of  every  grade,  from  the  largest  universities  down 
o  the  smallest  rural  colleges.     Information  was  sought  as  to 

afforded  by  each  mstitution;  the  number  of  students    under 

St:ori  rtr^'  ^"^°"^'  ^'^  -h  cusses;  fheiount:; 

gelralcoui^^^^         ^'f ""  '"^'"=*  '"  ^^'^''^^'^^  -^'^  the 
general  courses  on    sociology,   economics,   or  govemient-   the 

number  of  student,  who  receive  the  benefit  of'tbir       .ction 
African  clf'^'^rr      ""'"'^       «•.  whethe,  coafi^ed  to 

fnSr^ctlon    w.  '.H  """^^T^  ^""^        '  ^'  '^«") '  «»«  ™«thods  of 
nstruction.  whether  by  lectures.  ,.   itations    or  other  means- 

the  opportumties  afforded  to  stu,^^.  for  i     estigltL'ct^i 
mumcipalmachineryor  for  taking  -  K-'^^g  actual 

on  these  and  a  variety  of  like  n 
precise  information.     On  the  whol. 
cheerful;  replies  were  had  from  ovei 

ideTc'o„±'''  *^r°"^^^"-  '-«  bee,        e  to  ootam  an  accurate 
whole  '  *''  ''"*"'  °'  '"^^™"         -  *h«  ^-ntry  as  a 


-•^  in  active  politics — 

e  committee  sought 

;»ponse  was  ready  and 

institutions,  and  with 

e  to  obtain  an  accurate 


4  INSTRUCTION'  I\  MUNICIPAL  GOVERNMENT 

In  the  first  p!ar->  the  inquiries  of  the  committee  have  served 
clearly  ^,  establis.  the  fact  that  during  the  last  decacL  or  mor^ 
Marked  **  "parked  development  of  the  subje.  t  has  taken 

Development  in  P'*^^  *"  ^^'*'  programs   of  educational  institu- 
SpecUI  Counet    "°"^-     '^^'^  °^  ^^^een   years  ago.   independent 
mstruction  in  the  subject  of  municipal  eovem 
ment  ^,3  ,ff^„,j  ,^  „„,y  ^,^^^  ^^  ^^^^  ^^  ^^^  largest  unrsu" 

studv  ZT7'  '"'-'n"'  '""^°^^'''  •*  *^  -^-' ^'i  «  -  fie  ci  o 
Tr^dn  i!  T''""^  '^""''^^'''  ""'  ^°'-  the  ordinary  under 

tetL.    t  "'"'"*  ''"^'  '°"*'^''''-'  '-     endent'and  d  s- 

X  s     nd  thVn  ""Z^  ''  "'^^  ^^^"  '^'^     ---'ties  and 
colleges   and  the  number  seems  to  be  stead'      on  the  increase 

cou^rse^rtLlt'^^T  "°^  ^^^^^^^^  '  '^^'^^  --^^r 
courses  on  different  aspects  on  municipal  government-  other 

large  institutions  of  the  Middle  West  afford  froi^  one  ;o    our 

courses  each.     No   Eas  .m  university  provides  more     han  I 

smgle  distinct  course  in  die  subject;  Ld  some'f Them  do  not 

offer  even  this.     Many  Eastern  colleges,  however,  are  under 

ak  ng  work  m  this  special  direction,  and  intimati;    nas  come 

to  the  committee  that  others  are  planning  steps  in  the  ^me 

direction.     President  Reed  of  Dickinson  College  pl .  Irite^To 

state  his  conviction  "that  a  good  strong  independenrcour^ 

LTn^' and^'""  "°"''  '^  ''  ^'^'  a/vantag":  to  Amen^an 
,inlT       u        ^''P'"^^^^  the  hope  that  one  may  be  est-vblished 

ftyof'pu^^^^^^^^^^  Chancellor  Mccormick  of  the  uXer' 

sity  of  Pittsburgh  reports  that  he  is  "preparing  to  ^v     hnrn„nh 

mstruction  in  this  important  branch  nexfyeaf. ''  SI      courar 

mg  reports  to  the  same  effect  have  been  Le  vcd  b,  tne  com 

mittee  from  a  number  of  other  institutions.    J .  ieed  there  sLms 

to  be  every  reason  for  thinking  that  ^he  next  C     He  wiU  w  tTss 

th^wKT'.  "*'"?"  ""'  ^°"^^^*^   "  --t  in  t'  is  sub  ect  than 
that  which  has  marked  the  past  ten  >ears 

Owing  to  the  limited  nature  of  their  resources    manv  insti 

utions  have  not   found   it   possible   to  establish'  iTdepLd  nt 

nstruction  m   municipal  government,   but  endeavor  to  have 

this  subject  dealt  with  ia  connection  with  their  generaTcourses  In 

pohtical  science,  sociology,  or  economics.     Courses  tn  American 

government,  if  they  are  at  all  comprehensive  in  Ipe    must 


'VILLI AM  BENNETT  MUNRO 

f^l  h,  T'  "''"*  ""'"'^  '^'  government  of  citic.     Instruction 
i     Hon      "  ^"*"«,"^"'^'  '''  ««'««'  "tent  leu.I  .he  student  into  the 
held  of  nrmuupal  ta.<at.on.  expenditures  and  luau.      The  (icM 
of  sociology  and  social  ethics  include  many  matters  directly 
onnected  wuh  the  ^rficiency  oi  civic  administration  and  p„^ 
ticularly  wUh   tht  exorcis.   of  the  city's   police  power      Tht 
comnuttee  has  not.  however,  sought  to  follow  up  all  this  inci- 
dental  mstruction.  but  has  endeavored  simply  to  find  out  how 
much  attention  .8  given  to  municipal  government  intherrgular 
courses  upon  the  science  of  government  in  general.     Almost 
^      .    .♦.!  r"^  umversity  and   college   in   the  country 

'   -       m  has  one  or  more  courses  of  this  nature  and  the 

uwtion  ime  allotted  to  municipal  government  varies 

from  two  to  thirty  exercises  per  year     The 

ZraTfi  7.         '"TT"  ""^  P'"""«  °"  this  branch  of    h, 

general  field  ,s  evidently  growing  as  shown  by  the  replies  to 

the  committee's  circular,  and  the  instruccors  find  tha^.  from 

he  student's  standpoint,  this  phase  of  the  work  proves  highly 

he  r™  St>  ^  "^"^^  °^  ^°"^^-  -^*™^tors  ha've  intimf ted 
their  intention  of  gmng  more  time  to  this  branch  in  view  of 

the  mcreasing  importa-  ce  of  ine  city  in  the  general  system 
of  Amencan  government."    With  most  of  the  Laller  inTt  t ^ 

trdesrHT;*  *';  *^""'""  '^  "^^^'y  °-  °^  financial  res^u'  is- 
the  desirabihty  of  more  instruction  is  fully  recognized  but  as 
m  many  cases  only  one  instructor  is  provided  for  the  who^ 

It  1  c:^zT' ''  "^^'^  "-^^-^^^  '^^ "-  ^^^ 

aff^SeT  it  ha?"'''  '".','^'^"°"  '"  """^^'P^'  administration  is 
afforded,  it  has  apparently  proved  its  popularity  with  the  student 

M..-:-,„.  body.     The  largest  single  class  in  the  subject  is 

that  at   Yale  University,   ^    .ere  Prof    W    B 
T?ailey's  course  has  a  tot->i  enrolLnent  of"4,i 
students,  but  the  cours: .  .  ,  this  subject  at  tU 
and  of  fy  ■  ^"'^^''^^^y  °f  Chicago  m-:,  b'-red       6  last  j     r 

and  of  this  number  over  8o  were  graduates.     T..e  cours^  in 
mumnpal  governme..  .t  Harvard  numbers  regularly  abou^^oo 

fTom  n  )T'Tr'''''  ^-^•^•^^--  -P"^  an  attendanc  °of 
irom  50  to  75  students  m  special  courses  of  this  nature.     This 


Municipal 
Instruction 
Popular  with 
Students 


6  INSTRUCTION  IN  MUNICIPAL  GOVERNMENT 

whrreltTsr  j:^'^  ''-  '^-'^  ^°^-  °^  undergraduates 
tion  with  IL  ,  ^^^'  ^"'°""'  «^  instruction  in  connec- 

No  Approach  J^^  natations.     Some  combine  both  methods 

to  Uniformity  *^^">'  '"^quire  each  student  to  present  a  thesis 

in  Methods  of  °'"   ^'^^^    en.  bodying   the  results  of  personal 

Instruction  mvestigation  into   some    phase   of  the   v    k 

sinnc      T  ^-       ^«^«'oped  by  informal  class-room  discus 


% 


WILLIAM  BE.VNETT  MUNRO 

and  these  organizations  take  an  active  interest  in  local  politics 
Many  other  institutions,  however,  are  debarred  by  thefrlta- 
tion  from  this  form  of  training  for  their  students.  "We  a^a 
country  cdlege,"  writes  one  president,  "and  you  know  what 
handicap  that  impUes."  Instructors  seem  to  recognize  Vthe 
whole  that  actual  contact  with  political  contests,  e^en  in  some 
veiy  humble  capacity,  is  vexy  useful  to  the  undergraduate 

Attention  is  devoted  by  colleges,  in  the  main,  to  the  study  of 
Amencan  cities;  only  a  few  broaden  their  work  so  as  to  include 

Scope  and  m    "'"ti^  i°^  ^"'"^'^^   '"'^  administration. 

S^dy  Z      '^^'"^"*^'^  ^^y-  although  in  a  few  insti- 

Study  tutions  nearly   half   the  entire  instruction   is 

.  devoted  to  this  branch  of  the  subiect      t^nrr,- 

instructors  find   advantage  in  the  use  of  a  syllabus    or  oTt 

hTs  IrThf  ^^n-=  ^"*  t^«  -ionty  hJve  no'fol  o^ed 
this  plan      The  committee  has  been  able  to  secure  several  of 
these  outhnes.  and  has  noted  the  care  with  wh,vJ.M       ? 
evidently  been  prepared  and  the  testronrwhich  tey'^^^^^^ 
the  substantial  character  of  the  work  done.     On    of  the  ve^° 

Unld'star  trr-'^^^'^'^^"  °"*^^^«  *^«  boundf  of    h^e 
united   States-the  University    of    Havana,    where    elabor^tZ 

professional  tutor  and  the  vendor  of  printed  notes      Th. 
structor  who  announces,  at  the  berinninrof  h  ,  *°" 

what  reading  will  be  required  duig  "  "Lr  th  rebT''  'T 

Tht  •  TruTor-^  "  *^:  P^^P-ion  ofr^^^^^^^^^^^ 

ihis  IS  true,  of  course,  only  where  classes  are  large     As  it  ,, 

sarcely  practicable  to  print  a  new  syllabus  each  year  the  use 


8  TXSTRUCTION  IN  MUNICIPAL  GOVERNMENT 

committee  should  prepare  a  more  or  less  detailed  outline  of  a 
course  on  municipal  government,  embodying  not  only  a  syllabus 
of  lectures  but  bibliographical  apparatus  of  an  elementary  sort 
hsts  of  topics  suitable  for  class  essays,  and  other  like  agenda' 
Such  a  publication  would  of  course  have  its  limitations  of  service- 
but  It  might  prove  very  helpful  in  many  smaller  institutions 
wnere  the  study  of  municipal  govrmment  is  undertaken  only 
in  an  elementary  way. 

In  discussing  the  status  of  instruction  in  municipal  govern- 
ment at  the  present  time  it  wou'J  scarcely  prove  Profitable  to 
present  all  the  details  which  the  committee's  investigations  have 
servred  to  disclose.     The  various  data  have  all  been  carefully 
tabulated  and  are  made  available  in  the  appendix  to  this  report 
It  should  be  stated  that  this  table  does  not  include  statistics  of 
instruction  offered  in  professional  schools,  many  of  which  include 
in  tr.eir  curricula  courses  bearing  rather  directly  into  the  broad 
field  of  municipal  administration.     Many  of  the  larger  engineer- 
ing schools  aflford  instruction  in  various  phases  of  municipal 
engineering  and  sanitation;  some  law  schools  offer  courses  or 
parts  of  courses  dealing  with  the  subject  of  municipal  corpora- 
tions, their  powers  and  legal  responsibilities;  the  best  equipped 
medical  schools  give  instruction  in  municipal  hygiene  and  the 
protection  of  the  public  health ;  various  schools  for  social  workers 
give  training,  both  theoretical  and  practical,  in  the  meth  ds  of 
municipal  poor  rehef,  charities,  and  civic  betterment  in  general, 
while  schools  of  commerce  and  business  administration  devote 
attention  to  municipal  accounting  and  kindred  subjects.     The 
amount  of  instruction  thus  afforded  would,  however,  be  difficult 
to  tabulate  in  any  accurate  form.    The  results  of  the  inquiry 
have   been  distinctly  encouraging  and  show  that  the  outlook 
is  more  promising  than  ever. 

Under  the  committee's  auspices  arrangements  were  made  for 
holding,  in  connection  with  the  annual  meeting  of  the  American 
Political  Science  Association  at  Richmond,  Va.,  a  round  table 
conference  on  the  methods  of  instruction  in  municipal  govern- 
ment. The  conference  was  held  at  the  Hotel  Jefferson,  Rich- 
mond, on  the  morning  of  Thursday,  December  31,  and  was 
well   attended      Prof.   F.  J.  Goodnow  of  Columbia  University 


Round  Table 
Conference  on 
Methods  of 
Instruction 


WILLIAM  BENNETT  MUNRO  q 

opened  the  discussion  with  a  r^sum^  of  his  many  years'  experi- 
ence in  the  teaching  of  the  subject,  giving  his  views  as  to  the 
scope  and  method  of  a  university  course  on  the 
government  of  cities.     The  speaker  emphasized 
his  opinion  that  the  subject  of  municipal  govern- 
ment should  not  be  made  available  to  students 
until  they  had  already  obtained  a  grasp  of  compar- 
ative administration  in  general,  and  that  instruc- 
tion m  the  special  subject  should  not  be  open  to  undergraduates 
until  at  least  the  junior  year  of  a  college  course.     The  city  should 
not  be  studied,  Professor  Goodnow  thought,  moreover,  as  an 
isolated  umt,  but  as  a  part  of  the  whole  governmental  machine 
hence  the  relation  of  the  municipality  to  the  state  ought  to  b^ 
a  guiding  thread.     The  speaker  also  felt  that  a  well-organized 
course  on  municipal  government  ought  to  include  a  study  of 
European  cities  in  order  that  the  comparative  method  might  be 
profitably  employed.     Other  matters  such  as  the  nature  of  the 
lectures  to  be  given  by  the  instructor,  the  value  of  thesis  work 
by  students,  and  the  need  of  a  "source  book  "  as  an  auxiliary  to 
etticient  teaching  were  touched  upon  briefly. 

Prof.  Henry  Jones  Ford  of  Princeton  University  dealt  with  the 
purpose  and  aim  of  instruction  in  municipal  government  An 
effective  course  in  the  subject  ought  to  be  st^-v  ;iy  disciplinary  in 
Its  nature  and  ought  to  train  the  student  ir  th^.  ase  of  official  data 
rather  than  set  before  him  a  mass  of  information  in  the  form  of 
lectures.  The  actual  information  which  the  student  carried 
v^th  him  from  the  class  room  was,  he  believed,  a  consideration 
of  the  very  shghtest  importance. 

Prof  J.  W.  Gamer  of  the  University  of  Illinois  discussed  at 
some  length  the  question  as  to  where,  in  a  general  course  of  in- 
struction, the  main  emphasis  should  be  placed.  He  was  not  in 
favor  of  devoting  any  time  to  the  history  of  municipal  insti- 
tutions and  he  thought,  moreover,  that  too  much  time  was 
generally  devoted  to  the  study  of  municipal  organization,  to  the 
powers  of  the  different  municipal  officers,  and  to  the  framework 
of  administration.  More  attention  should  be  given,  he  felt,  to 
municipal  functions,  to  the  actual  exercise  of  the  citv's  nowerc 
and  to  the  economic  aspect  of  the  whole  question. 


lo  INSTRUCTION  IN  MUNICIPAL  GO\'ERNMENT 

Prof.  J  A.  Fairlie  ,     the  University  of  Michigan  called  atten- 
tion to  the  stnking  utility  of  the  subject  as  a  field  for  inductive 
study.     The  vast  and   heterogeneous  nature  of  the  material 
available  for  the  comparative  study  of  municipal  government 
rendered  this  special  field  particularly  well  suited  to  research  work 
of  an  elementary  sort.     Students  should  be  required  toexamine 
carefully  selected  portions  of  this  material  and  to  present  reports 
embodying  generalizations  drawn  therefrom.     No  other  branch 
of  political  science  affords  better  facilities  for  work  of  th,    nature 
Prof.  W.  W.  Willoughby  of  Johns  Hcpkins  University  con- 
tinued the  discussion,  speaking  of  the  plac .  which  the  study  of 
city  government  ought  to  occupy  in  the  general  political  science 
program. 

It  was  arranged  that  another  round  table  conference  on  the 
same  subject  should  be  held  in  New  York  during  the  last  week  of 
December,  1909. 


~mm^mm 


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APPENDIX 


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